Thèse soutenue par Olivier Bargain
Préparée sous la direction de François Bourguignon
Président du jury : M. Alain Trannoy, Directeur d'études à l'EHESS
Jury : M. Alan Duncan, Professeur à l'université de Nottingham
M. François Laisney, Professeur à l'université de Strasbourg-I
M. Thierry Magnac, Directeur de recherche à l'Institut national de la recherche agronomique
Spécialité : Analyse et politique économiques
Household labor supply and taxation: family and individual perspectives
This thesis improves the analysis of tax-benefit systems by combining microsimulation techniques and household labor supply models. Firstly, we apply the discrete-choice model to analyze how two types of in-work transfers -a family-based tax credit and an individual wage subsidy- perform in reducing poverty and social exclusion Europe. Secondly, we suggest several nested models which allow to test and to reject the restrictions usually imposed on leisure-consumption preferences and household rationality. Thirdly, we simulate the individualization of the French income tax using a collective model of labor supply. The intrahousehold distributive effect appears weak compared to traditional effects. Finally, we reinterpret the model in terms of productive effort and retrieve individual productivities by inverting the optimal collective program. The social welfare evaluation differs when individual utilities rather than households' welfare enter the social planner's objective function.